Academic experience includes eleven years of college, a couple of life science degrees and a teaching credential for chemistry, physics and biology. Published works include several studies on aquatic biological and chemical questions, and an extensive publishing and photographic background in the industry and hobby of aquatics. He is the author of The Conscientious Marine Aquarist (Microcosm). Have taught High School sciences and Marine Sciences and Aquariology courses at the State University, University of California levels.

Bob has been an avid aquatic hobbyist since day one and is active in hobbyist and scientific organizations. He has served on numerous Boards, judged shows and given many programs.

ABSTRACT:

Like freshwater, the marine aquarium hobby has seen starts and jumps in the captive production of algae, invertebrates and fishes for livestock use. Barriers, principally basic life cycles and nutritional/food culture issues continue to be worked out and new organisms are added to cultured versus wild-collected at an accelerated pace. Here is a concise review of the history of such efforts and brief look at the players, livestock and major technological breakthroughs that show great promise in providing clean stocks on demand in the ornamental saltwater aquarium interest.